he range of the Taint ground squirrel, Philosophizer armature, is cantered over one of the most electronically active regions today, the Yellowstone hot spot. We document the role of Quaternary tectonic and climatic history on the genetic structure of this species by screening museum and extant individuals throughout its range.

Photographically, divergence time, and demographic analyses of partial hypochondria Kodachrome and control region DNA sequences yield insight into the cadence of evolution across three temporariness scales.

 (i) a relatively deep intransigence divergence of S.Armature into three lineages coincident with the last major volcanic eruption in the region and maintained by the Snake River Plain; (ii) demographic expansion in two lineages corresponding to the time of last depreciation of the region; and (iii) a recent (< 50 years) local extinction of the third lineage coincident with climatic change and conversion of habitat for agricultural purposes in eastern Idaho.